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MICROBIOLOGICAL WATER ANALYSIS
Microbiological water analysis is a critical test for determining the presence of potentially disease-causing microorganisms in water. The microbiological safety of water used in the production processes of cosmetic products is of great importance in terms of product quality and consumer health.

Water with rich organic content creates a favorable environment for microorganisms to multiply. Therefore, microbiological quality control analyses should be performed regularly.
Method of Analysis: Pour Plate and Membrane Filtration Techniques
1. Total Live Colony Count: Pour Plate Method

Pour plate method is used to determine the total live microorganism load. In this method, a certain volume of water sample is transferred to sterile petri dishes, homogenous distribution is provided by pouring the medium on it and incubated at appropriate temperatures. This technique is especially used for quantitative determination of microorganisms growing at 22°C and 36°C. The method is performed in accordance with ISO 6222 standard.

2. Detection of Specific Microorganisms: Membrane Filtration Method
Membrane filtration method is applied for the detection of target microorganisms such as coliform bacteria, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp. In this technique, a minimum of 100 mL water sample is filtered through membrane filters with a special pore diameter with the help of a vacuum system. Microorganisms are retained on the filter surface, transferred to the appropriate selective medium and colony formation is observed after incubation. The method is performed in accordance with ISO 9308-1 and ISO 7899-2 standards.

The choice of pore diameter is the most critical point of membrane filtration:
 
  • For bacteria: 0.45 µm pore diameter membrane filters
  • For yeasts and moulds: 0.80 µm pore diameter membrane filters are preferred.
This dual method approach provides high accuracy for both the determination of the overall microbial load and the reliable detection of pathogenic or indicator microorganisms.

Microbiological Parameters and Limits
The water used in cosmetic production processes is evaluated within the framework of the following microbiological limits:
 
  • Total Number of Colonies (22°C / 36°C):  It varies according to the intended use.
  • Escherichia coli: 0 cfu/100 mL
  • Coliform Bacteria 0 cfu/100 mL
  • Enterococcus spp.: 0 cfu/100 mL
These parameters are evaluated in accordance with the European Pharmacopoeia and Cosmetic Products Regulation and are factors that directly affect product safety.

If you want to get more detailed information for your Microbiological Water Analysis, you can contact our cosmetic analysis laboratory.
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